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Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics: The N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the N-acetyl derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid I-cysteine. NAC has an intense fluidifying action, through its free sulfydryl group, on the mucoid or mucopurulent secretions by cleaving the intramolecular and intermolecular disulfide bonds in glycoprotein aggregates.
NAC is stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid, is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, and distributed to body tissues including the lung.
Acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, teratology and reproduction studies support oral NAC safety. Coagulation parameters, platelet aggregation, immunoglobulins (serum and sputum IgA), hematological, hepatic and renal laboratory indices remained unchanged after oral NAC administration.
